The building was constructed in 1865 as Berlin’s first market hall, but it was not well received by the public and was therefore closed again after a few months. In 1873, it was converted into a permanent circus building. Circus Renz performed there until 1897 and increased the capacity of the auditorium to over 5,000 seats. In 1899, Circus Schumann moved in, closing in 1918. From the winter of 1910, Max Reinhardt used the large stage and the many seats for his idea of arena theater.

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